The Issue Of Global Warming - 1338 Words

Over the past years, the controversial issue of global warming has been primarily brought to the attention of the public. Global warming is generally assumed to be the main cause of rising average global temperature. The climate on the Earth is changing and there is no big surprise. It is believed that global warming is caused by many natural and manmade activities, which is affecting the planet by the seconds, minutes, hours, days, and years. Many may not even care about this serious issue, but others harm for the future generations. Global warming has become a serious threat to everything and every human being on earth and demands our immediate attention. The author, Stuart D. Jordan believed that there’s is enough evidence that strongly†¦show more content†¦Some other harmful effects the author mention in the article is the rate of melting, loss of sea ice, and more intense heat waves. It will affect the earth in the future in many ways such as; cause temperature to rise up, changes in precipitation patterns, more droughts and heat waves, hurricanes will become stronger and more intense. Although there are possible benefits of global warming on plants and food the harmful effect will significantly outweigh these benefits. Another important point the author explained in his article is the Greenhouse effect and its contribution to global warming. Earth’s atmosphere acts as this blanket because it contains small amounts of carbon dioxide methane nitrous oxide and other gases in the atmosphere known as greenhouse gases. These gases help retain heat through a vital process called the greenhouse effect. The greenhouse effect occurs when sunlight passes through the atmosphere and strikes the earth some of the light is reflected and some is absorbed, and that absorbed light warms the surface of the earth. This is a natural process that is required to keep planet sustainable. Without the greenhouse effect, the Earth would be too cold for human beings, or any other living thing, to survive. Due to the burning of large amounts of coal oil and natural gas, the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere hasShow MoreRelatedThe Issue Of Global Warming1652 Words   |  7 PagesWhen the issue of global warmi ng comes up in conversations, people usually groan and avoid conversation, and many roll up their sleeves and prepare for a heated debate. Some people feel culpable and concerned; others simply do not care. There exist many contrasting viewpoints which yield very distinctive stances on the subject. While many people may claim disregard on the issue, the media has broadcasted substantial data showing gradual rise in global temperature and the topic has been discussedRead MoreThe Issue Of Global Warming1605 Words   |  7 PagesThe issue of global warming is controversial and there are people claiming that global warming is only a fiction instead of a fact. However, research from scientists found that at the beginning of 2000, unprecedented warming was recorded and the Arctic ice has melted to the lowest levels in the recorded history. Moreover, the sea level has also risen by eight inches since 1870 (â€Å"The Scientific Truth about Climate Change†). Although natural forcing mechanisms alone cannot explain the formation ofRead MoreThe Issue Of Global Warming1504 Words   |  7 Pagesaffecting you all. It’s about global warming. This issue will more than likely take away from everyone in the end, or at least humanity’s efforts to be a greater civilization, if you don’t take care of it. My question is, why aren’t you? For billions of years your Earth withstood countless hardships and has since lived among the cosmos, but now it’s going to be intoxicated and fall ill in a manner of hundreds of years, because of you? Global warming is the issue of the earth warming up due to man’s technologicalRead MoreGlobal Warming and its Issues1198 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Introduction Global warming is perhaps one of the most urgent and complicated global issues we face today. While there are those who dispute the very nature as well as causes of the global warming phenomenon, available data clearly indicates that the planet is becoming warmer. This text revisits the issue of global warming. In so doing, compelling evidence will be presented in an attempt to prove that the global warming phenomenon is indeed real. Global Warming: An Overview In simple terms, global warmingRead MoreGlobal Warming Issues1504 Words   |  7 PagesIn late 2012, the Wall Street Journal published an article written and supported by sixteen scientists called, â€Å"No Need to Panic About Global Warming.† The article’s main argument claimed mainstream climate experts were wrong about the effect greater carbon dioxide levels had on the environment as well as the threat global warming posed to society. The contrarian scientists attempted to refute mainstream scientific findings that carbon dioxide levels were rising rapidly throughout the past decadeRead MoreThe Issue Of Global Warming1185 Words   |  5 PagesProblems and History The issue of global warming should be on the list of our top priorities. Studies show that the average of global temperatures have risen since the Industrial Revolution began. Since the Industrial Revolution, human emissions has quadrupled the frequency of certain heat extremes and many scientists have warned that a failure to bring greenhouse gases under control could eventually lead to a 62-fold increase in extreme heat blasts (Gillis Justin A17). Most of the increase is dueRead MoreGlobal Warming Is A Global Issue Essay1115 Words   |  5 PagesIn the recent years, global warming has taken an increasingly prominent role in the international society. Today, the great debate over the existence of global warming is over; almost everyone believes that global warming is a real issue that must be addressed. The world is now at the step in which it must take action to combat climate change. In the push to do this, many countries report their carbon emissions. However, in reporting our carbon emissions, many people are jumping to conclusions byRead MoreThe Issue Of Global Warming941 Words   |  4 Pagesthat of global warming. So far, I seem to want to change my thesis everyday; but this is how it stands for the moment. Americans need to work together as well as with other nations to take immediate action to reduce our environmental footprint in efforts to reverse or cease global warming. I feel this thesis clearly states my position, as well as the point of the paper. I still want to play around with the wording, especially at the end of it. I feel that global warming is a serious issue that shouldRead MoreThe Issue Of Global Warming978 Words   |  4 Pagesbecause of global warming, yet there are some who ignore it and there are some who even deny the plausibility of global warming. An article written in 2016 from LiveScience.org proves the Earths temperature has been increasing at an average of 1.35 degree’s Celsius per year. This slight change is dra stic for northern territories. Countries such as Greenland have reached temperatures they haven’t reached for thousands of years since humans first began walking the planet. Global warming is caused fromRead MoreThe Issue Of Global Warming1701 Words   |  7 Pages The Issue of Global Warming Even though some people believe that there is no such thing as global warming, there has been significant evidence that the Earth is warming. Most scientists believe that the main cause of global warming is human influence. The burning of fossil fuels and the use of fertilizers are the main contributors to the heating of the Earth. Many problems occur as a result of the climate changing. As the climate changes, some animals may become extinct, there is a rise in sea

Gas Chromatography Free Essays

GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY EXPERIMENT The purpose of this experiment is for the student: 1)to learn the general theoretical aspects of gas chromatography as a separation method, 2)to learn how to operate gas chromatographs specific to COD, 3)to become familiar with using the gas chromatograph (GC) to qualitatively identify components of mixtures, 4)to be introduced to and to interpret the quantitative data available via gas chromatography, 5)to gain insight into how the GC technique is used in the chemical industry both as a qualitative and quantitative tool. As a means of accomplishing these objectives, we will attempt to identify the three major organic components of two different kinds of nail polish remover. PRELAB ASSIGNMENT Read Technique 22 in Pavia, 4th ed. We will write a custom essay sample on Gas Chromatography or any similar topic only for you Order Now Be sure that you understand the components of a gas chromatograph and the factors affecting separation. Pay particular attention to the definitions of retention time and resolution and how the GC can be used for qualitative analysis.  ·Fill out a gold sheet for all compounds present in the purple nail polish remover as listed below. Write a procedural flow chart for the experiment. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE Each student will be required to make at least one injection into the GC. Each student will also be a member of a group and will share information and chromatograms with other group members and between groups. All GC injections will be one micro-liter â€Å"sandwiched injections†. The procedure for preparing the syringe is described below.  ·Place your sample in a small test-tube.  ·Rinse the syringe three times with your sample.  ·Draw approximately 1 micro-liter of air into the syringe. Draw 2 or 3 micro-liters of your sample into the syringe with the air.  ·Turn the syringe so that the tip of the needle is pointing up and expel liquid from the syringe until only 1 micro-liter of liquid remains in the syringe.  ·Pull the plunger back and draw in approximately 1 micro-liter of air. You now have a 1 micro-liter sample â€Å"sandwiched† between two air bubbles. Your group will be assigned either regular (purple) Revlon nail polish remover or acetone-free (blue) Revlon nail polish remover. The contents are listed below. Your group must gather enough information to be able to identify the three major peaks in the gas chromatogram for your assigned nail polish remover. Acetone, ethyl acetate, and isopropyl alcohol in addition to the two nail polish removers will be available as samples for injection. You may use these chemicals to make mixtures that you will inject into the GC. You may not inject any of these neat liquids (pure chemical samples) because the column may become overloaded and the peaks will show a lot of trailing. When analyzing the data and planning your mixtures, keep in mind that our GC’s have flame ionization detectors that do not detect non-flammable substances such as water. Someone in the group will need to inject the assigned nail polish remover into a GC and wait for the instrument to record the chromatogram. While the GC is cooling down, label the chromatogram with your name, the name of your sample, and the number of the GC which was used. Have the instructor initial the original chromatogram. When the â€Å"ready† indicator light turns green on the GC, another member of the group should make an injection into the same GC in order to have the same experimental conditions for comparisons of results. The chemical make up of this second and subsequent injections should be determined after consultation within the group. You must get the approval of the instructor before making any mixtures for injection into the GC. Each person must submit at least one original initialed chromatogram attached to the cover sheet. All other chromatograms will be obtained from your partners and by exchanging data within a group. The second type of nail polish will be analyzed using class data that will be provided by your instructor. The labels on the two nail polish removers list the contents of each in the following order: PURPLE Nail Polish|BLUE Nail Polish| acetone|ethyl acetate| water|isopropyl alcohol| ethyl acetate|water| isopropyl alcohol|jojoba oil| benzophenone-1|butyl alcohol| dyes|butyl acetate| |toluene| |dyes| How to cite Gas Chromatography, Papers

Capital Gain Tax

Questions: Dave Solomon is 59 years of age and is planning for his retirement. Following a visit to his financial adviser in March of the current tax year, Dave wants to contribute funds to his personal superannuation fund before 30 June of the current tax year. He has decided to sell the majority of his assets to raise the $1,000,000. He then intends to rent a city apartment and withdraw tax-free amounts from his personal superannuation account once he turns 60 in August of the next year. Dave has provided you with the following details of the assets he has sold: (a) A two-storey residence at St Lucia in which he has lived for the last 30 years. He paid $70,000 to purchase the property and received $850,000 on 27 June of the current tax year, after the real estate agent deducted commissions of $15,000. The residence was originally sold at auction and the buyer placed an $85,000 deposit on the property. Unfortunately, two weeks later the buyer indicated that he did not have sufficient funds to proceed with the purchase, thereby forfeiting his deposit to Dave on 1 May of the current tax year. The real estate agents then negotiated the sale of the residence to another interested party. (b) A painting by Pro Hart that he purchased on 20 September 1985 for $15,000. The painting was sold at auction on 31 May of the current tax year for $125,000. (c) A luxury motor cruiser that he has moored at the Manly Yacht club. He purchased the boat in late 2004 for $110,000. He sold it on 1 June of the current tax year to a local boat broker for $60,000. (d) On 5 June of the current tax year he sold for $80,000 a parcel of shares in a newly listed mining company. He purchased these shares on 10 January of the current tax year for $75,000. He borrowed $70,000 to fund the purchase of these shares and incurred $5,000 in interest on the loan. He also paid $750 in brokerage on the sale of the shares and $250 in stamp duty on the purchase of these shares.Dave has contacted the ATO and they have advised him that the interest on the loan will not be an allowable deduction because the shares are not generating any assessable income. Dave has contacted the ATO and they have advised him that the interest on the loan will not be an allowable deduction because the shares are not generating any assessable income. Dave has also indicated that his taxation return for the year ended 30 June of the previous year shows a net capital loss of $10,000 from the sale of shares. These shares were the only assets he sold in that year. (a) Based on the information above, determine Dave Solomons net capital gain or net capital loss for the year ended 30 June of the current tax year. (b) If Dave has a net capital gain, what does he do with this amount? (c) If Dave has a net capital loss, what does he do with this amount? (10 marks, max. 1000 words). Case study 2: Fringe Benefits Tax Periwinkle Pty Ltd (Periwinkle) is a bathtub manufacturer which sells bathtubs directly to the public. On 1 May 2015, Periwinkle provided one of its employees, Emma, with a car as Emma does a lot of travelling for work purposes. Answers: The capital gain defined as the divergence between acquisition cost of capital gain tax asset and capital proceeds. Capital gain can be calculated using three methods. The first method is known as Discount method which is applied more than 12 months before the capital gain tax event. The second method is known as Indexation method which is applied when assets are acquired before 21st September and apprehended for more than 12 months immediately before relevant tax event on the capital gain (Warren 2014). The third and the final method is the residual method which is applied when assets are held for less than 12 months. Hence, the computation of capital gain is calculated by applying these three methods only (ato.gov.au 2016) Following items are exempted from ain on sale of capital asset Any property acquired before 20th September 1985 which are: Motor vehicles Amount reimbursed for particular injuries Selling of family residential house Any collectible acquired at a cost less than $ 500 Carry forward and set off with the losses which raised from the capital gain: Concerning the topic, we will define the long-term and the short-term capital losses arising from the capital gains. Capital Loss in the long term: the factor that works for the capital loss raised from long-term loss can apply against the gain acquired from the capital gain in the long term. No other set off is possible in this context. The loss attained from the long-term capital loss gets to carry forward for an unlimited period unless such place gets rectified with an alternative (Blundell et al. 2013). So, there are subsequent indefinite years of assessment that gets set off precisely against capital loss regarding Long term. We will discuss the capital loss arising regarding short term: similarity with the source, the short term loss of capital gets set off from the same source of capital gain regarding Long term (Jacob and Jacob 2013). Likewise, the capital loss regarding short term also gets carried forward for an unlimited period of the assessment years which are set off against the capital gain with terms of the Short-term as well as for the long terms. (a) With the given question Mr. Dave Solomon, who lived in a two-storey building for last 30 years purchased for $ 70,000. He sold the building for $ 8, 50,000 on 27th June of the current tax year. The resident initially sold at an auction and buyer paid $85,000 as advance money against the purchase. But subsequently, the buyer did not have enough funds to proceed with such purchase. Hence, the money was forfeited. Hence, $ 85,000 received be charged to "Income from other sources." Computation of capital gain Calculation of capital gain Sale proceed$8, 65,000 It exempted from the definition of CST I.E Family home exemption Long term capital gain nil (b) a pro-Hart painting was purchased for $15,000 and sold at the price of $1,25, 000 on 20th September 1985 Hence, Capital Gain is as follows: Sale Proceed $ 1, 25,000 Less: Indexed cost of acquisition 15,000*123.4/71.3 $25,961 Long term capital gain $150,961 (c) the purchase of the luxury motor cruiser was for $1,10,000 on late 2004 and sold at the price of $ 60,000 to a boat broker on 1st June of the present and current year. Hence, capital gain will be as follows Sales proceed $ 60,000 With Less: Indexed cost for acquisition $ 1,10,000 Long term capital loss $ 50,000 d) He sold a parcel of shares in a newly listed mining company on 5th June of the current year for $ 80,000. He purchased these shares on 10th January of the current year for $ 75,000. To purchase these shares he borrowed a loan of $ 70,000 and paid interest on the loan of $5,000. He also paid $750 as a brokerage for the sale of the shares and $250 in stamp duty for a purchase of the share. As per income tax law, interest on the loan is not a part of the cost of acquisition. Hence, interest on the loan has not been included (Jin 2016). Part a Hence, capital gain will be as follows: Sale proceeds $ 80,000 Less: Brokerage $ 750 Less: cost of acquisition $75,000 Less: stamp duty $250 Short term capital loss $ 4,000 So Capital gain for the year is as follows: capital gain with Long term on the sale of residential property $ NIL capital gain in Long term on the sale of painting$ 1, 50,961 the capital loss in Long Term on the sale of Boat $ 50,000 Short Term Capital Gain on the sale of share $ 4,000 Capital gain in long term $ 1,04,961 Now the tax return of Mr. Dave for the year end 3oth June of the previous year shows a net capital loss of $10,000 from the sale of shares. Hence, it can be adjusted with current year capital gain in concern to long term. Hence, the net amount of the capital gain regarding the long terms for the present and current year is $ 1, 04,961-$10,000 =$ 94,961 Part b Net Capital Gain is a summation of all gain arrived from sale from the sale of the capital asset minus all loss incurred on the sale of the capital asset which includes loss on sale of the capital asset from the previous year as well (Damodaran 2012). So we can draw an assumption that the capital gain cannot differentiate with any other form of tax, it is not a separate tax. Rather, the capital gain is the asset which forms the part of the assessable income of an assessed and subsequently tax should pay on gain arising on sale of the capital asset in the relevant income year in which sale took place (Smith 2015). Thus, Mr. Dove has earned the gain on sale of an asset. As a result, he can contribute fund to his personal superannuation fund. Mr. Dove has to maintain relevant records when some important and major transaction took place which includes, Interest on loans, Purchase receipts; Expense paid in regards to litigation fees, legal fees, etc. Records regarding repairs and maintena nce of assets and records of brokerage paid on shares. Part c Net Capital Loss is a summation of all loss arrived from the sale of the capital asset which includes loss from previous year. Assessee cannot set off his capital loss from another source of income but should carry forward for subsequent years and deduct it from capital gain arrived in subsequent years (Becker et al. 2013). A capital loss can be carry forward for indefinite periods. An assessee does not have the right to choose not to set off capital losses against any capital gain however they can deduct such loss as per their choice with the capital gain (Edwards 2012.). If Dave does not have a positive capital gain, he shall sell more of his assets or acquire loan so that he can contribute to his personal superannuation fund and then buy a rented city apartment and withdraw a tax-free amount from his personal superannuation fund once he attains the age of 60 in August of next year. References: Ato.gov.au. (2016). Capital gains tax | Australian Taxation Office. Becker, B., Jacob, M. and Jacob, M., 2013. Payout taxes and the allocation of investment.Journal of Financial Economics,107(1), pp.1-24. Blundell-Wignall, A. and Roulet, C., 2013. Long-term investment, the cost of capital and the dividend and buyback puzzle.OECD Journal: Financial Market Trends,2013(1), pp.39-52. Burkhauser, R.V., Hahn, M.H. and Wilkins, R., 2015. Measuring top incomes using tax record data: A cautionary tale from Australia.The Journal of Economic Inequality,13(2), pp.181-205. Damodaran, A., 2012.Investment valuation: Tools and techniques for determining the value of any asset(Vol. 666). John Wiley Sons.